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精密模具配件沖頭如何進行材料選擇

   沖頭又叫沖針、頂針，是模具配件的一種，經常用于在五金沖壓模具以及塑(su)膠(jiao)模具中，沖(chong)頭(tou)在工(gong)作的過(guo)程中，既要(yao)(yao)有硬(ying)(ying)度，又必須要(yao)(yao)有韌(ren)性。影響沖(chong)針使用次數的因(yin)素(su)有很(hen)多，那么什么材(cai)質的沖(chong)頭(tou)不容易(yi)斷(duan)(duan)呢？這也是做精密模具配(pei)件的企業一直要(yao)(yao)致力(li)解決的問題(ti)。盡管材(cai)質是其中比較(jiao)重要(yao)(yao)的一種(zhong)，也并非決定性因(yin)素(su)，沖(chong)針不容易(yi)斷(duan)(duan)在材(cai)質方面主要(yao)(yao)看材(cai)質的韌(ren)性和(he)硬(ying)(ying)度，以硬(ying)(ying)度來說，硬(ying)(ying)度高(gao)，沖(chong)針會(hui)比較(jiao)耐磨，但過(guo)高(gao)的硬(ying)(ying)度會(hui)使得沖(chong)頭(tou)變(bian)脆，有易(yi)硬(ying)(ying)碰(peng)硬(ying)(ying)而崩(beng)掉的可能(neng)性，因(yin)此在加工(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)沖(chong)頭(tou)過(guo)程中，我們(men)會(hui)先(xian)對材(cai)料進行熱處理(li)，熱處理(li)可以讓材(cai)質達到相對合理(li)的硬(ying)(ying)度范圍內，從而保證沖(chong)針的正常使用。

  沖頭在(zai)(zai)五金沖(chong)(chong)壓模(mo)具(ju)當中也叫(jiao)、上(shang)模(mo)、陽模(mo)、等(deng),而(er)沖(chong)(chong)頭又分為A型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)頭、T型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)頭、異型(xing)沖(chong)(chong)頭。沖(chong)(chong)頭是安(an)裝在(zai)(zai)上(shang)的金屬零件，應用(yong)于與(yu)材(cai)料的直接接觸，使材(cai)料發生形變、裁切材(cai)料。模(mo)具(ju)沖(chong)(chong)頭一般(ban)采用(yong)高(gao)(gao)速(su)鋼(gang)(gang)和等(deng)作為材(cai)質(zhi)，有(you)高(gao)(gao)速(su)鋼(gang)(gang)沖(chong)(chong)頭和鎢鋼(gang)(gang)沖(chong)(chong)頭等(deng),而(er)高(gao)(gao)速(su)鋼(gang)(gang)是最常(chang)用(yong)的材(cai)質(zhi)，常(chang)用(yong)的有(you)、、asp23、skd11、skd51、等(deng)等(deng)，鎢鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)質(zhi)一般(ban)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)要(yao)求較高(gao)(gao)的沖(chong)(chong)剪(jian)模(mo)具(ju)上(shang)。

  沖頭一般是用于塑膠模具中。它又可以叫做頂針推桿、鑲針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，托(tuo)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等，有時候(hou)車床用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)尖也被叫(jiao)做頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)在精密(mi)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)配件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)有：在塑膠(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)中(zhong)，將產(chan)品(pin)從模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)上分離下(xia)來，也是(shi)最常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)；硬質合金(jin)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)如鎢鋼(gang)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等，則可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來通(tong)較長(chang)較細的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔；裝配在車床或者磨床上的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)也叫(jiao)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)尖，是(shi)來支持工(gong)件(jian)(jian)并使工(gong)件(jian)(jian)圍繞它轉動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頭部圓(yuan)(yuan)錐形金(jin)屬棒，與(yu)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)配件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)是(shi)兩(liang)種截然(ran)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)物件(jian)(jian)。塑膠(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)里面，它可(ke)(ke)以(yi)起到穩固作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，也被叫(jiao)做鑲針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。塑膠(jiao)(jiao)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種類有：扁(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、圓(yuan)(yuan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、托(tuo)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、標準(zhun)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，非標準(zhun)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等。扁(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)也叫(jiao)扁(bian)銷(xiao)，主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于塑料產(chan)品(pin)筋(jin)條(tiao)部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)出，還有就是(shi)長(chang)條(tiao)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)(jiao)位，與(yu)圓(yuan)(yuan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)無法擺下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)，我們選擇用(yong)(yong)(yong)扁(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。在精密(mi)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)配件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料有SKH51 SKD61 SKD11 等。